Number  3 


me 


XVIII 


The 

Ohio  State  University  j,  raE* 
Bulletin 


Three  Year 

Short  Courses  in  Agriculture 


April,  1914 


PUBLISHED  BY  THE  UNIVERSITY  AT  COLUMBUS 

Entered  as  second-class  matter  November  17,  1905,  at  the  poetoffice  at 
Columbus,  Ohio,  under  Act  of  Congress,  July  16,  1894. 


Students  Wailing  to  Register  in  the  College  of  Agriculture  on  Registration  Day 


The  University 

The  Ohio  Slate  University  is  a part  of  the  educational  facilities  main- 
tained by  the  State.  It  comprises  seven  colleges  and  a graduate  school: 
(1)  Agriculture,  (2)  Arts,  Philosophy,  and  Science,  (3)  Education,  (4) 
Engineering,  (5)  Law,  (6)  Pharmacy,  (7)  Veterinary  Medicine,  and  the 
Graduate  School. 

The  College  of  Agriculture  offers  ten  distinct  courses  of  study: 

1 . A four-year  course  in  Agriculture. 

2.  A four-year  course  in  Horticulture. 

3.  A four-year  course  in  Forestry. 

4.  A four-year  course  in  Home  Economics. 

3.  A short  course  in  Agriculture. 

6.  A short  course  in  Horticulture. 

7.  A two-year  course  in  Animal  Husbandry. 

8.  A special  course  in  Dairying. 

9.  An  eight-week  winter  course  in  Agriculture. 

10.  An  eight-week  winter  course  in  Poultry  Husbandry. 

Bulletins  describing  the  work  of  any  of  the  above  colleges  or  courses  will 
be  sent  upon  request.  Address  W.  E.  Mann,  University  Editor,  Columbus, 
Ohio. 


3 


Three  Year 

Short  Courses  in  Agriculture 

ANNOUNCEMENT 

The  short  courses  in  the  College  of  Agriculture  are  designed  especially 
to  meet  the  demands  of  young  men  on  the  farm  who  cannot  find  time  to  take 
the  regular  courses  of  the  college  or  for  those  who  have  not  the  necessary 
educational  requirements  for  admission  to  the  longer  courses.  There  has  been 
a long-felt  need  for  an  agricultural  course  which  the  rural  boy  could  take 
without  divorcing  him  from  the  farm  during  the  greater  part  of  the  growing 
season.  It  has  also  been  felt  that  the  requirements  for  the  long  course  have 
been  so  high  that  many  young  men  with  high  aspirations  but  only  a common 
school  education  were  barred.  The  short  courses  have  been  planned  especially 
to  overcome  these  objections  and  to  meet  the  needs  of  the  average  farm  boy. 

The  newly  designed  courses  will  replace  the  present  two-year  courses  in 
Agriculture  and  Horticulture  and  will  provide  very  largely  the  same  work 
except  that  they  will  extend  over  three  years  of  five  months  each  instead  of 
two  years  of  nine  months  each  and  will  be  given  during  the  winter  months. 
These  courses  are  in  no  way  supposed  to  equal  or  supplant  the  four-year 
courses,  but  are  of  inestimable  value  to  those  not  enabled  to  take  the  latter 
courses. 

REQUIREMENTS  FOR  ADMISSION 

The  short  courses  in  both  Agriculture  and  Horticulture  are  open  to  all 
students  over  17  years  of  age  who  have  completed  the  work  of  the  eighth 
grade  and  have  had  one  year  of  practical  experience  on  the  farm.  A student 
must  present  a satisfactory  certificate  stating  that  he  has  had  at  least  one 
year  of  practical  experience  on  the  farm  since  he  was  12  years  of  age. 

DATE  OF  OPENING 

These  courses  will  open  this  year  on  October  19,  and  close  March  19, 
1915.  A vacation  will  be  given  at  the  Holiday  season. 


4 


OUTLINE  OF  SHORT  COURSE  IN  AGRICULTURE 


First  Year 


First  Term 

Second  Term 

Agricultural  Chemistry  

...  4 hrs. 

Agricultural  Chemistry 

. 4 hrs. 

Agronomy  

...  4 “ 

Agronomy  

..  4 “ 

Animal  Husbandry 

....  4 “ 

Animal  Husbandry 

...  4 44 

Rural  Engineering 

...  4 “ 

Dairying  

...  3 “ 

English  

...  3 “ 

English  

..  3 “ 

Second  Year 


Horticulture  

...  4 hrs. 

Horticulture  

4 hrs. 

Agronomy  

...  4 “ 

Agronomy  

4 “ 

Agricultural  Chemistry 

...  4 44 

Animal  Husbandry 

4 44 

Dairying  

...  3 “ 

Shop  

3 44 

Shop  

...  3 “ 

Rural  Engineering 

4 44 

Third  Year 


Rural  Economics 

4 hrs. 

Rural  Economics 

4 hrs. 

Forestry  

4 “ 

Rural  Engineering 

.......  4 “ 

Animal  Husbandry 

4 “ 

Animal  Husbandry 

4 “ 

CHOICE 

OF  TWO  FROM 

THE  GROUP  BELOW 

Poultry  Husbandry 

3 hrs. 

Poultry  Husbandry 

3 hrs. 

Veterinary  Medicine 

3 “ 

Veterinary  Medicine 

3 44 

Vegetable  Gardening 

......  4 “ 

Vegetable  Gardening 

4 44 

Bacteriology  

4 44 

Entomology  

.....  4 44 

Rural  Engineering 

4 “ 

Dairying  

4 44 

Animal  Husbandry 

4 “ 

Animal  Husbandry 

4 44 

Horticulture  

4 “ 

Horticulture 

4 44 

Plant  Pathology 

4 “ 

Horticulture  

4 44 

Rural  Economics 

4 44 

Rural  Economics 

4 44 

5 


Students  Spraying  in  the  University  Orchard 


OUTLINE  OF  SHORT  COURSE  IN  HORTICULTURE 


First  Year 


First  Term 

Agricultural  Chemistiy 4 hrs. 

Horticulture  4 

Dairying  3 

Horticulture  4 

English  3 


Second  Term 


Agricultural  Chemistry 4 hrs. 

Horticulture  4 

Animal  Husbandry 4 

Horticulture  4 

English  3 


Second  Year 


Agronomy  

4 hrs. 

Agronomy  

4 hrs, 

Shop  

3 “ 

Shop  

3 “ 

Horticulture  

4 “ 

Horticulture  

4 “ 

Rural  Engineering.... 

4 “ 

Rural  Engineering.... 

4 “ 

Elective  

...  3 or  4 " 

Elective  

...3  or  4 “ 

Horticulture  

Third  Year 

4 hrs.  Horticulture  

4 hrs. 

Forestry  

4 “ 

Horticulture  (Landscape).. 

4 “ 

Rural  Economics 

4 “ 

Rural  Economics 

4 “ 

Elective  

....  7 or  8 

Elective  7 or 

8 “ 

Poultry  Husbandry 

Electives 

3 hrs.  Poultry  Husbandry 

3 hrs, 

Dairying  

3 “ 

Dairying  

3 “ 

Bacteriology  

......  4 “ 

Beekeeping  

4 “ 

Animal  Husbandry 

. ..  4 “ 

Animal  Husbandry 

4 “ 

Horticulture  

4 / 

Horticulture  

......  4 M 

CERTIFICATES 

At  the  conclusion  of  the  course,  students  having  completed  the  regular 
work  as  outlined  are  given  a certificate  stating  the  studies  pursued  during  the 
time  spent  at  the  University. 


7 


Departments  of  Instruction 

AGRICULTURAL  CHEMISTRY 

The  work  in  this  department  deals  with  the  ingredients  and  food  require- 
ments of  plants;  the  air  and  soil  as  sources  of  plant  food;  nature  of  soil, 
mechanical  portion,  nutritive  portion,  assimilable  and  reserve  plant  food;  soil 
exhaustion  and  amelioration;  barnyard  manure,  its  sources,  composition,  pre- 
servation, and  losses;  commercial  fertilizers  and  their  rational  use;  home 
mixing  of  fertilizers;  methods  of  determining  the  needs  of  the  soil;  composi- 
tion of  feeding  stuffs  and  dairy  products. 

ANIMAL  HUSBANDRY 

Courses  in  this  department  include  studies  in  the  history,  development, 
characteristics,  and  adaptations  of  the  various  breeds  of  horses,  cattle,  sheep, 
and  swine;  practise  work  in  judging  by  the  use  of  standard  score  cards  and 
by  judging  groups,  illustrated  with  living  specimens  from  the  University  flocks 
and  herds;  the  principles  of  nutrition,  the  composition  of  various  feeding 
stuffs  and  the  bearing  of  this  data  upon  the  practises  of  the  feeder;  the  prin- 
ciples of  breeding  and  iheir  application  to  the  methods  concerned  in  the 
improvement  of  live  stock;  and  the  principles  and  practical  phases  of  live 
stock  management,  including  both  commercial  and  pure  bred  aspects.  Further 
opportunities  for  special  study  in  dairy  cattle  are  offered. 

AGRICULTURAL  ENGINEERING 

The  work  in  this  department  covers  four  distinct  lines:  (1)  In  the 
study  of  farm  machinery  an  effort  is  made  to  familiarize  the  student  with 
the  fundamental  principles  underlying  the  leading  types  of  farm  machines, 
comparisons  being  made  between  the  standard  makes  of  implements.  (2) 
Application  of  power  to  farming  operations.  Consideration  is  given  to  tractors, 
small  engines,  windmills,  water  power,  horse  power,  etc.  (3)  Farm  structures. 
Instruction  is  given  pertaining  to  the  locating  and  planning  of  farm  buildings, 


8 


estimating  the  cost  of  materials  for  buildings,  paints  and  painting,  and  concrete 
work  in  its  various  applications  to  the  farm.  (4)  Drainage  is  considered  from 
the  field  end  of  the  work.  Practise  is  given  in  the  use  of  the  drainage  level, 
staking  out  systems,  and  establishing  grades. 

AGRONOMY 

The  work  in  the  Department  of  Agronomy  covers  the  subjects  of  farm 
crops  and  soil  management.  The  first  year  is  devoted  to  a study  of  the  impor- 
tant crops  with  reference  to  Ohio  conditions,  with  additional  work  in  seed 
selection  and  testing,  cultural  methods,  and  harvesting  of  the  grain  and  forage 
crops.  The  course  offered  the  second  year  is  devoted  to  the  study  of  the 
soils  by  means  of  classroom  lectures  and  laboratory  and  field  exercises  with 
special  emphasis  upon  their  management  for  maximum  crop  production.  The 
work  will  consist  of  a practical  discussion  of  the  origin,  chemical  and  physical 
composition  of  soils,  and  the  use  of  rotations,  manures,  and  commercial  fer- 
tilizers in  the  maintenance  of  soil  fertility. 


Bird’s-eye  View  of  the  Live  Stock  Buildings 


9 


BACTERIOLOGY 


The  courses  offered  in  this  department  deal  with  the  different  types  of 
6acteria  and  their  activities,  with  special  reference  to  the  ones  connected  with 
soil  operations  and  diseases  of  the  soil;  the  part  played  by  bacteria  in  the 
souring  of  milk,  ripening  of  cream,  sanitation  of  the  dairy;  contaminaticn  of 
food  products  and  drinking  water;  the  common  infectious  diseases,  causes 
and  methods  of  combatting  them. 


DAIRYING 

The  Department  of  Dairying  offers  the  following  lines  of  work:  selec- 
tion of  dairy  farms;  selection  and  formation  of  profitable  dairy  herds;  breed- 
ing of  dairy  cows  for  greater  milk  production;  feeding  dairy  cows  for  more 
economical  milk  and  butter  fat  production;  testing  of  cows  for  the  advanced 
registries;  the  building  of  sanitary  dairy  barns  and  calf  barns;  milk  bottling, 
butter  making,  cheese  making,  ice  cream  making,  and  construction  of  refriger- 
ating plants.  Lectures  and  laboratory  work  will  be  given  in  city  milk  supply, 
the  testing  of  dairy  products,  and  the  manufacture  of  butter,  cheese,  ice 
cream,  and  condensed  milk. 


ENGLISH 

Students  in  the  Short  Courses  will  be  obliged  to  do  a considerable  amount 
of  work  in  composition,  paragraph  writing,  punctuation,  spelling,  grammatical 
construction,  speaking  and  debating,  and  such  work  as  will  be  of  use  to  them 
in  the  proper  expression  and  writing  of  their  thoughts. 

ENTOMOLOGY 

This  department  offers  systematic  study  of  the  different  groups  of  insects 
with  particular  stress  laid  upon  the  injurious  and  beneficial  ones;  the  proper 
times  and  methods  for  controlling  and  combatting  the  parasitic  insects;  the 
economic  importance  of  insects  in  agriculture;  preparation  of  collections,  etc. 


10 


FORESTRY 


Work  in  this  department  will  deal  with  history  of  forestry,  its  objects 
and  economic  importance;  the  relation  of  forests  and  woodlands  to  soil, 
climate,  and  general  welfare;  care  of  farm  woodlots;  plantations  for  post  and 
pole  timber;  cultivation  and  management  of  trees  for  specific  purposes  such 
as  windbreaks,  hedges,  shade  and  ornament,  maple  syrup,  nuts,  etc.;  treat- 
ment of  diseased  and  injured  trees,  together  with  a study  of  the  trees  and 
shrubs  on  the  campus  and  University  woodlot. 

HORTICULTURE 

In  this  department  is  given  practical  instruction  in  the  problems  of  fruit 
growing,  relating  especially  to  the  home  or  farm  orchard  and  small  fruits.  It 
includes  propagation,  pruning,  budding,  and  grafting,  spraying  for  the  different 
orchard  pests,  cultivating,  harvesting,  and  all  operations  relative  to  orcharding; 
a thorough  course  in  vegetable  gardening  covering  cultural  methods,  soil  and 
fertilizer  requirements,  favorable  climatic  conditions  and  locations,  with  each 
garden  vegetable  separately  considered ; landscape  gardening,  covering  the 


A Pruning  Class 


making  of  lawns,  walks,  drives,  the  correct  planting  of  trees,  shrubs,  and  flow- 
ers for  the  external  adornment  of  home  and  public  grounds.  The  new  Hor- 
ticultural Building  will  enable  the  department  to  greatly  elaborate  the  work 
in  this  line. 

POULTRY  HUSBANDRY 

Equipment  of  this  department  consists  of  a laying  house,  pens  of  all 
breeds  of  poultry,  brooder  house,  colony  houses,  farm  poultry  house,  and 
incubator  cellar.  Instruction  is  given  in  breeding,  feeding,  incubating,  natural 
methods  of  hatching  and  rearing  chicks,  turkeys,  ducks,  and  geese;  much  time 
is  devoted  to  judging  and  scoring  poultry;  each  student  is  required  to  care 
for  incubators  for  a number  of  weeks. 


12 


RURAL  ECONOMICS 


The  work  in  this  department  deals  with  principles  of  accounting  and  their 
application  to  farm  practise,  different  systems  of  keeping  farm  records,  dif- 
ferent systems  of  farm  management,  cost  of  producing  and  marketing  farm 
products;  methods  of  renting,  leasing,  and  operating  farm  lands.  Special 
attention  is  paid  to  different  advantages  and  problems  of  each  system  of  farm 
management,  together  with  their  effect  upon  the  soil;  a study  of  production, 
distribution,  transportation,  and  marketing  of  agricultural  products;  coopera- 
tive organizations  of  agriculture;  cooperative  management,  insurance,  and 
rural  credit;  rural  social  life  and  organizations.  Trips  are  taken  frequently 
to  nearby  farms  for  study  and  comparison  of  different  systems  followed. 

SHOPWORK 

Two  distinct  courses  are  given  in  shopwork:  carpentry  and  forging.  The 
former  includes  sawing,  planing,  mortising,  framing,  and  other  work  involving 
the  work  of  simple  carpenter  tools.  In  forging  is  taught  the  use  and  care 
of  the  forge,  fire,  and  tools;  practise  in  steel  forging,  including  such  operations 
as  cutting,  bending,  drawing,  shaping,  and  welding;  the  making,  hardening, 
and  tempering  of  steel  punches,  drills,  and  cold  chisels. 

VETERINARY  MEDICINE 

Courses  are  given  in  this  department,  which  deal  with  the  more  common 
disorders  and  diseases  of  domestic  animals;  common  infectious  diseases,  minor 
surgery,  castration,  horse-shoeing,  and  soundness  are  carefully  considered;  a 
brief  study  is  made  of  the  anatomy  of  the  horse  and  the  ox. 


13 


Part  of  the  Dairy  Herd 


EXPENSES 


The  cost  of  a course  at  the  University  is  the  vital  problem  with  many 
students.  The  expense  of  a year  in  college  is  very  largely  a personal  matter, 
depending  upon  the  economies  or  extravagances  of  the  student.  Some  stu- 
dents will  spend  two  or  three  times  as  much  as  others,  consequently  no  fixed 
cost  can  be  stated.  The  following  is  a list  of  expenses  actually  required  the 
first  year  in  the  Short  Courses.  The  expenses  the  next  two  years  will  be 
practically  the  same: 


Incidental  fee $20  00 

Ohio  Union  2 00 

Gymnasium  locker  4 00 

Deposit  to  cover  laboratory  material 20  00 

Uniform  12  00 

Books  12  00 

Board  (20  weeks  at  $3.50  per  week) 70  00 

Room  rent  ($8 .CO  per  month) 40  00 


Total  $180  00 


No  account  is  taken  in  the  above  statement  of  general  expenses,  such  as 
clothing,  laundry,  etc.  One  should  plan  to  spend,  in  addition  to  the  above 
amount,  from  $50.00  to  $75.00  for  other  living  necessities.  The  cost  of  some 
of  the  above  items  may  be  reduced  slightly,  such  as  room  rent,  in  the  event  of 
two  students  rooming  together. 

A student  should  come  prepared  to  spend  about  $50.00  during  the  first 
ten  days  of  the  term.  After  that  his  board  and  room  rent  will  be  the  chief 
items  of  expense. 


15 


Making  Alfalfa  Hay  on  the  University  Farm 


OPPORTUNITIES  FOR  SELF-HELP 

Many  students  secure  employment  of  different  kinds  to  aid  in  defraying 
their  college  expenses.  Many  find  employment  on  the  University  Farm,  for 
which  they  are  paid  at  the  rate  of  1 5 to  20  cents  per  hour.  Others  fire  fur- 
naces, mow  lawns,  wait  on  tables  at  boarding  houses,  clerk  in  stores  on  Satur- 
days. The  University  does  not  guarantee  or  promise  rvorJ(  to  any  one.  The 
matter  of  getting  employment  is  left  entirely  to  the  student.  One  with  initia- 
tive seldom  experiences  difficulty  in  finding  as  much  employment  as  his  time 
will  permit. 

It  is  to  be  remembered  that  the  average  student  has  all  he  can  do  to 
carry  his  college  course  without  attempting  to  do  outside  work.  To  earn  a 
living  and  carry  a college  course  is  practically  impossible  and  usually  culmi- 
nates in  the  nervous  breakdown  of  the  student.  If  one  expects  to  pay  any 
large  portion  of  his  expenses  by  outside  employment  it  is  highly  advisable  to 
arrange  to  be  in  school  longer  than  the  time  actually  outlined  in  the  course. 

SCHOLARSHIPS 

A system  of  awarding  free  scholarships  has  been  arranged  whereby 
one  scholarship  good  for  three  years  will  be  awarded  in  each  county  of  the 
state.  The  scholarships  will  be  awarded  by  the  Ohio  Agricultural  Commis- 
sion and  will  be  used  as  prizes  in  the  Junior  Contests  conducted  by  the 
commission.  The  scholarship  will  be  awarded  to  the  person  winning  the 
contest  in  which  there  is  the  greatest  number  of  entries,  provided  that  person 
is  eligible  to  enter  the  college.  For  particulars  concerning  the  above,  address 
the  Ohio  Agricultural  Commission,  Columbus,  Ohio. 


17 


Registration  for  the  Short  Courses 

It  is  necessary  for  the  faculty  of  the  College  of  Agriculture  to  know  as 
accurately  as  possible  the  number  of  students  who  expect  to  attend  the  course 
in  order  that  proper  arrangements  may  be  made  for  their  accommodation. 

All  persons  who  expect  to  enroll  in  either  of  the  Short  Courses  are 
required  to  fill  out  the  blank  below  and  return  it  promptly  to  the  University. 
For  further  information  in  regard  to  the  Short  Courses  or  other  courses  offered 
in  the  College  of  Agriculture  address, 

Dean  of  the  College  of  Agriculture, 

The  Ohio  State  University, 

Columbus,  Ohio. 


Application  for  Admission 

I hereby  apply  for  admission  to  the  Short  Course  in 

* for  the  term  beginning  October  19,  1914. 

Name  

Postoffice  

County  Age  

Hew  long  have  you  lived  on  a farm? 

What  schools  have  you  attended  besides  common  schools,  and  how  long? 


Date 1914 


* Applicants  are  requested  to  state  which  course  (Agriculture  or  Hor- 
ticulture) they  wish  to  take. 


18 


Students  Judging  Horses  in  Action 


